California reports cases of ‘explosive diarrhea’ parasite as officials warn of larger outbreak

A parasite known to cause “explosive diarrhea” has been identified in California, with health officials concerned about a statewide outbreak.

According to a report by the California Post, California state data shows that between 1 and 10 state cases have been linked to a broader outbreak, although officials say that the true number may likely be higher, as many infections are never confirmed because people recover without getting tested. The parasite requires specific lab testing to detect, and cases can take roughly six weeks to be reported.

California’s cases are mostly tied to international travel. Across the US as a whole, at least 2,944 people in 32 states have been sickened, with the most being in Michigan. In that state alone, a reported 1,562 infections have occurred, roughly 31 times the 50 cases it typically has in a year. 

Investigators have not yet identified the source of the outbreak. While contaminated food is considered to be the leading suspect, officials have not linked the illness to a specific food item or supplier.

The parasite is known as Cyclospora and is responsible for the illness cyclosporiasis. It is typically spread through food or water that is contaminated with feces. Previous incidents of outbreaks have been linked to fresh produce such as raspberries, cilantro, and others. 

The CDC has said the illness can result in severe diarrhea “with frequent and sometimes explosive bowel movements.” Symptoms typically begin one week after infection and can also include vomiting, bloating, fatigue, weight loss, and others.

Cyclosporiasis is typically treated with the antibiotic trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, which can shorten the duration of the illness.